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ICSE 13 min read28 October 2026

ICSE Class 10 Physics, Chemistry, Biology — Expected Questions 2027

Most expected ICSE Class 10 Physics, Chemistry and Biology questions for 2027, per paper, with the 2026 topics, worked numericals and 50% HOTS tips.

In short: Nobody outside CISCE knows the exact 2027 questions, so this list ranks question types by evidence: the topics reported from the March 2026 Physics, Chemistry and Biology papers, the Section A and Section B layout, and CISCE's statement that about 50% of 2027 marks go to higher-order thinking. Each science subject is a separate 80-mark paper. Section A is compulsory with no choices, and Section B asks you to pick four questions. Numerical examples below were checked by calculation. Treat this as a practice priority list, not a leak.

Last updated: October 28, 2026. The ICSE 2027 date sheet is not out yet. CISCE has released specimen papers, and PW notes the final papers may differ from them in format and content.

ICSE Class 10 Science 2027 — Quick Reference

ParameterDetails
PapersPhysics (Science Paper 1), Chemistry (Science Paper 2), Biology (Science Paper 3)
Theory marks80 per paper, plus 20 internal assessment
Duration reported for 20262 hours, 11:00 AM to 1:00 PM
Section ACompulsory short answer and objective questions, 40 marks, no choice
Section BLong answer, 40 marks, choose four questions
2026 datesPhysics March 9, Chemistry March 11, Biology March 13
2027 weightage for higher-order questionsAbout 50%

Sources: PW Live Physics analysis, PW Live Chemistry analysis, PW Live Biology analysis and PW Live on the 2027 specimen papers. PW's pages describe the Section A and B layout for Physics and Chemistry. I could not confirm the identical layout for Biology, though PW's Biology page also speaks of Sections A and B.

What I could not verify

ItemStatus
The 2027 specimen paper layoutI could not open the CISCE PDFs. Confirm marks per question there
Biology syllabus items belowTaken from the standard ICSE Class 10 chapter list. Check the 2026-27 CISCE syllabus
Chemistry and Physics facts in the answer tablesStandard textbook facts. Confirm values in your textbook

What the 2026 Papers Showed

PaperReported
PhysicsModerate. About 40% direct (definitions, units) and 60% inferential (reasoning, circuit analysis, complex numericals), per PW. Strong marks came to students with solid Heat and Light
ChemistryModerate to challenging and largely concept-based. Direct equations were straightforward. Application and observation questions needed analysis. Section B numericals needed careful time use
BiologyModerate. Section A easy to moderate, Section B moderate. Mix of direct and concept-based questions, with diagram-based and structured questions

PW's estimate of a good score was 70 to 75 out of 80 for Physics, 65 to 72 for Chemistry, and 55 plus for Biology. These are PW's views, not CISCE figures.

Physics: Topics From the 2026 Paper

PW lists these topics as asked in 2026.

#Expected question typeTopic in the 2026 paper
1State the condition for a body in dynamic equilibriumDynamic equilibrium
2Name the energy conversion in a process, such as photosynthesisEnergy transformation
3Find the velocity ratio of a block and tackleSimple machines
4Relate refractive index to the speed of light in two mediaRefraction
5Explain why a blackened bulb thermometer detects infrared radiationRadiation
6Apply conservation of mechanical energy to a cyclist on a hilly trackEnergy
7Find the maximum distance of a virtual image formed by a lensLenses
8Explain why the sky looks blue using scatteringScattering of light
9Predict what happens to other lamps when one fails in series or parallelElectric circuits
10Explain why the note gets shriller as water rises in jarsSound and resonance

Answer formats and checked examples

QuestionWhat to write
Dynamic equilibriumNo net force and no net torque on the body, so it stays at rest or moves at constant velocity
Block and tackleThe velocity ratio equals the number of rope segments supporting the load. Count the segments in the diagram
Lens numericalUse 1/v minus 1/u equals 1/f with sign convention. Example: object 20 cm in front of a convex lens of focal length 15 cm gives 1/v = 1/15 minus 1/20, so v = 60 cm on the other side. Magnification = v/u = minus 3, so the image is real, inverted and magnified
Series and parallelIn series, one failed lamp breaks the circuit and all go off. In parallel, the others stay on because each has its own path
Circuit numericalExample: 3 ohm and 6 ohm in parallel give 2 ohm. Add a 4 ohm resistor in series for 6 ohm total. A 12 V cell then drives 2 A
CalorimetryHeat lost equals heat gained. Example: 200 g of water at 80 degrees C mixed with 300 g at 30 degrees C gives a final temperature of (200 x 80 + 300 x 30) / 500 = 50 degrees C
Sound in jarsA longer air column has a lower frequency. As water rises, the column shortens, so the pitch rises
ScatteringShorter wavelengths scatter more, so blue is scattered most by air molecules

The other Section B topics PW names are the principle of moments, pulley systems, ray diagrams for prisms and lenses, echoes and ultrasound, fuses and earthing, and radioactivity with alpha, beta and gamma decay. Practise one numerical and one diagram from each.

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Chemistry: Topics From the 2026 Paper

PW lists these topics as asked in 2026.

#Expected question typeTopic in the 2026 paper
11Position of an element in the periodic table and trends in propertiesPeriodic table
12Electron dot structure for ionic or covalent bondingChemical bonding
13Identify an acid, base or salt and write a neutralisation equationAcids, bases and salts
14Identify an ion or gas from an observationAnalytical chemistry (observation-based)
15Gay-Lussac's law, vapour density or empirical and molecular formula calculationMole concept and stoichiometry
16Industrial preparation: Haber process or Contact processStudy of compounds
17IUPAC name and structural formula, reactions of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, alcohols and acidsOrganic chemistry
18Extraction of aluminium by the Hall-Heroult processMetallurgy
19Ionic reactions at the cathode and anode during electrolysisElectrolysis
20Name an alloy, its components and a propertyAlloys

Answer formats and checked examples

QuestionWhat to write
Empirical formulaDivide each percentage by atomic mass, then by the smallest. Example: C 40%, H 6.7%, O 53.3% gives a ratio of 1 : 2 : 1, so the empirical formula is CH2O
Vapour densityMolar mass is 2 times the vapour density. Example: a hydrocarbon with empirical formula CH2 and vapour density 14 has molar mass 28, so n = 28/14 = 2 and the molecular formula is C2H4
Gay-Lussac's lawGases combine in simple whole-number volume ratios. Example: 20 mL of hydrogen and 10 mL of oxygen give 20 mL of steam at the same conditions
Haber processN2 plus 3H2 gives 2NH3, with an iron catalyst, a moderate-high temperature and high pressure. Check the exact conditions in your textbook
Contact process2SO2 plus O2 gives 2SO3, with vanadium pentoxide as catalyst. Check the conditions in your textbook
Hall-HeroultAlumina is dissolved in molten cryolite with carbon electrodes. At the cathode, Al3+ gains three electrons to form aluminium
Electrolysis of molten lead bromideCathode: Pb2+ plus 2e- gives Pb. Anode: 2Br- gives Br2 plus 2e-. Write the half-equations with charges
IUPACExample: CH3-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH3 is 2-methylbutane. Choose the longest chain, number from the end nearest the branch
Alkene testEthene decolourises bromine water, forming 1,2-dibromoethane
EsterificationEthanol plus ethanoic acid with a catalyst gives ethyl ethanoate and water

For Section A, practise observation questions: colour changes, precipitates and gases. PW says these needed analytical thinking in 2026.

Biology: Topics From the 2026 Paper

PW's overall analysis names human physiology, plant processes such as photosynthesis and transpiration, genetics and cell biology as key areas. Section B included diagram-based and structured questions.

#Expected question typeEvidence
21Compare mitosis and meiosis, or describe the stages of the cell cycleCell biology named in 2026
22Monohybrid cross with genotypes, phenotypes and ratiosGenetics named in 2026
23Sex determination and chromosome structureGenetics
24Photosynthesis: equation, site and factors affecting the ratePhotosynthesis named in 2026
25Transpiration: definition, factors and importanceTranspiration named in 2026
26Draw and label the human heart, or trace the path of bloodHuman physiology. Standard syllabus topic
27Draw and label the kidney or nephron and describe urine formationHuman physiology. Standard syllabus topic
28Reflex arc and the parts of the nervous systemHuman physiology. Standard syllabus topic
29Hormones, their glands and their functionsHuman physiology. Standard syllabus topic

Answer formats and checked examples

QuestionWhat to write
Mendel's crossCross two tall heterozygous plants, Tt x Tt, to get TT : Tt : tt in the ratio 1 : 2 : 1. Phenotypes are 3 tall to 1 dwarf. Draw the Punnett square
PhotosynthesisCarbon dioxide plus water, in the presence of light and chlorophyll, gives glucose plus oxygen. Name the chloroplast as the site
Mitosis versus meiosisCompare in a table: where it occurs, number of divisions, number of daughter cells, chromosome number and purpose
DiagramsDraw large, label with straight lines, and use a sharp pencil. Biology marks depend on accurate labels
Reflex arcReceptor, sensory neuron, spinal cord, motor neuron and effector, in order

I did not open the CISCE syllabus PDF, so check that each topic in rows 26 to 29 is on your 2026-27 list before you spend time on it.

Preparing for the 50% Higher-Order Pattern

CISCE says about half of 2027 marks test application, analysis, evaluation and creation. For science, that means:

HabitWhat to do
Reason, do not reciteAfter each definition, write one "why" or "what if" sentence
Mix numerical and explanationIn Physics, state the principle, then solve, then interpret the sign or unit
Observation questionsIn Chemistry, write the colour, gas or precipitate, then the ion it proves
Diagrams in BiologyPractise one labelled diagram a day, then answer a reasoning question on it

Our guides to the 50% HOTS pattern and the specimen papers cover this in detail.

4-Week Practice Plan

WeekFocusQuestions in this list
Week 1Physics, mechanics and heat1 to 6. One numerical and one diagram a day
Week 2Physics, light, sound and electricity7 to 10. Redraw every ray diagram
Week 3Chemistry11 to 20. Write every equation with state symbols
Week 4Biology and mixed papers21 to 29, then one timed paper per subject

This is a suggestion, not an official schedule. Use the ICSE last 100 days plan to place these weeks in the calendar.

Paper-Day Time Plan

For a 2-hour paper:

StepSuggested time
Section A (compulsory, 40 marks)About 40 minutes. PW says Physics Section A takes roughly this long
Choose your four Section B questionsAbout 5 minutes. Pick the ones where you are certain of every step
Section B (four questions)About 65 minutes
ReviewAbout 10 minutes

These timings are illustrative. CISCE publishes no per-section time split.

Frequently Asked Questions

Are these the exact questions in the ICSE 2027 Science papers?

No. Nobody outside CISCE knows the 2027 questions. This list ranks question types by evidence from the 2026 topic lists and the 2027 weightage statement. Any page or channel that promises the actual paper is a scam.

How are the ICSE Science papers structured?

Physics, Chemistry and Biology are separate 80-mark papers. PW's analyses show Section A as compulsory with no choice, worth 40 marks, and Section B as 40 marks where you attempt four questions. Internal assessment adds 20 marks per subject.

Which Chemistry topics were asked in 2026?

PW lists the periodic table, chemical bonding, acids, bases and salts, analytical chemistry, mole concept and stoichiometry, study of compounds, organic chemistry, metallurgy, electrolysis and alloys. Section B included Gay-Lussac's law, vapour density and formula calculations.

What does 50% higher-order thinking mean for me?

About half the marks come from questions that test application, analysis, evaluation and creation, per PW's report on the specimen papers. Practise reasoning, observation and data questions, not only definitions. The final papers may differ from the specimen papers.

How many marks should I aim for?

PW's analyses suggest 70 to 75 out of 80 as top-tier for Physics, 65 to 72 for Chemistry, and 55 plus for Biology. These are coaching-site views, not CISCE benchmarks, so use them only as rough targets.

Is the 2027 date sheet out?

Not as of October 28, 2026. Last year's ICSE exams ran from February 17 to March 30, 2026, and the 2026 date sheet came in November 2025. Check cisce.org.

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